Essay on Koala - 1145 Words

Marsupials The Koala Among the many different marsupials in the world, there is one that stands out and is recognized, not only for its looks, but also for the hardships that it deals with in being a koala. The koala originated in Australia, and was discovered by trappers around the time of 1798. Many rare and exotic animals have been found in Australia, because of its remoteness and isolation from most of the civilized world. Australia has been described as a huge ark, a giant lifeboat, cut off from contact with the rest of the world and carrying with it a group of unique creatures (Serventy 1975). The creatures that inhabit Australia are made up of many different classifications of animal groups that have found themselves all living†¦show more content†¦Once on the tree it can either jump foot by foot up until they reach safety, or slowly climb to any given point in the forest by climbing from tree to tree. The koala is also a fantastic swimmer. Although they are very strong swimmers they seem to be somewhat clumsy moving along with almost all of its body submerged. There are several sightings of the koala swimming in bays and along reefs in order to avoid walking on land and take the risk of running into predators. Mating season in the jungles of Australia is extremely noticeable, due to the call of the koala during this time. The koala’s call is described as a harsh, grating sound, like a handsaw going through a thin board (Phillips 1990). There is one story in which a man was working with a chain saw when he looked up and saw a large koala coming toward him. The animal grabbed him by the pants and bit his leg and wrist, when it was captured and placed in a box the animal made a very loud, growling cry (Serventy 1975). It is believed that when the koala heard the noise of the chain saw it felt it had to defend its territory with any means necessary. When the baby koala is born it is just a little bit bigger than a human fingernail. During its youth it spends its time in its mothers pouch, just like the ever-famous Australian animal the kangaroo. While in the pouch there are the teats of the mother for the baby to feed on. The mother koala can continue all of her daily routine with the b aby in the pouch. When theShow MoreRelated The Koala Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pages The Koala Inroduction nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The koala is the Australian jewel. It has very furry, ash colored hair, a rubbery black nose, sharp claws, fuzzy ears, and a grizzly personality, or should I say, koalality. If you kill a koala, youll make a million off their fur! They would sell the fur to coat companies and make coats out of koala fur. Well, sadly enough, too many people are making millions on koalas. Thats why theyre endangered species. Habitat nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TheRead MoreKoala Bear Speech Essay1354 Words   |  6 PagesTopic: To inform the audience about Koala Bears. Specific Purpose: To inform the class about koala bears; koala bears most used body parts, where they live and what they do to survive. Central Idea: To let my audience know that there is a lot about koalas that we do not already know. Pattern of Organization: Topical    INTRODUCTION I. (Attention Getter) It has been said that when one person has a question about something, there are usually others who wonderRead MoreThe Ferocactus Latispinus653 Words   |  3 Pagescactus, effectively do so. (Deacon) The koala is a species native to Australia since 40 million years ago, according to fossilized remains. The binomial name for the species is phascolarctos cinereus, derived from the Greek words â€Å"phaskolos†, â€Å"arktos†, and â€Å"cinereus† which mean pouch, bear, and ash-colored, respectively. Though often referred to as the â€Å"koala bear†, koalas are most closely related to wombats, and have no association with bears. The koala is in the Chordata phylum within the MammaliaRead MoreFour Employees That Manage Individual Koala Chicken1502 Words   |  7 PagesFour employees that manage individual Koala Chicken (KC) franchises – Max, Jen, Sophie and Jack – seek advice on the possible remedies they can seek from Ken, the General Manager of KC. The salient issues that each manager face stem the unilateral contract in the form of an incentive scheme that Ken pushes in attempt to reward the franchisees that significantly improve sales ov er a three year period. However, Ken cancelled the incentive scheme before the full three-year term. This is where the importantRead MoreHow The Bilby Influences Its Environment?989 Words   |  4 Pagesfractures found in koalas admitted to wildlife hospitals and are a significant source of koala mortaltity (Henning et al. 2015) †¢ Car accidents from collisions with koalas or attempts to avoid collisions with koalas also pose a threat to humans When on the ground koalas are vulnerable to predators such as dogs, cats, foxes and birds of prey (Dique et al. 2003; Hambling Pavey 2008; Henning et al. 2015) They may swim across water, for example to flee a predator, and while koalas are generally capableRead MoreBotanical Garden808 Words   |  4 Pagesthe clothes. Koala live on this tree, is very sleepy and lazy animal. We use the ocaliptus tree for the shampoo and some body cream. Giray: Well children, What do know about the koala and Does any koala live in this tree ? Children: Koala is very lazy and funny animal. Leaves are food source for the koala. Its nationality is Australia.(One of the children said â€Å" i hope i saw the koala on top of the tree†) Giray: Ok you look carefully, where is the koala ? ( i have a puppet of koala, while childrenRead MoreBjs Case Study1110 Words   |  5 PagesWe have visited Toysâ€Å"R†Us, Walmart, Target and BJ’s Wholesale club. At Toysâ€Å"R†Us, we decided to purchase two types of bodysuits, the Koala Baby Essentials 4 Pack Dinosaur Bodysuits and Koala Baby 4 Pack Assorted Graphic Bodysuits. We purchased from Toysâ€Å"R†Us because the prices for a pack of four bodysuits had a better deal from other stores. We also purchased two Koala Baby Deluxe Blanket and a Fisher Sling and Seat Tub-Green. At Target, we purchased Pampers Sensitive Baby Wipes because they sold Read MoreThe Omnivores Dilemma by Michael Pollen861 Words   |  4 Pagesdecide what to eat. Pollan uses the example â€Å"The koala doesn’t worry about what to eat: If it looks and smells and tastes like a eucalyptus leaf, it must be dinner† (3). Pollan is using figurative language which requires the reader to use their imagination. In addition he is referring to our alienation with food. We can no longer pick up something without questioning what it is comprised of. Omnivores have a wide selection of food and a koala only has one. Another comparison Pollan makes isRead MoreGenetic Diversity In The South Gippsland Population Research Study791 Words   |  4 Pagesprevious study using mitochondrial DNA analysis (Houlden et al., 1999). Previous studies mostly recognized multiple MUs in the northern region but lacked support for multiple MUs in the southern (Sherwin, Timms, Wilcken, Houlden, 2000). However, all koala populations in this study should be treated as independent management units (MU). MUs are demographically independent populations which have little gene flow among them and the degree of population genetic divergence depends on the biology and populationRead MoreChevron : An American Company From Texas Called Chevron1536 Words   |  7 PagesTrafigura; they make their money by oil and metal refining (Amnesty international, Greenpeace Netherlands, 2012). This company had a ship by the name of the Probo Koala, and this ship was used to load toxic waste onto to take it to locations that can dispose of it properly (Amnesty international, Greenpeace Netherlands, 2012). The Probo Koala was filled with such a toxic waste that it was denied by a company in Italy, and then went to a Dutch port to unload the w aste (Amnesty international, Greenpeace

I Am A For A Boy Diagnosed With Down Syndrome - 1167 Words

Unlike my last verbal essay which I was not very passionate about. The topic that I chose for today is very close to my heart and I am very passionate about it. Why I chose this topic is because I am a one on one aid for a boy diagnosed with Down Syndrome. His name is Justin and helping Justin is one of the main reasons I decided to major in social work. I have personally seen Justin blossom from being placed in an inclusive classroom. An inclusive classroom is when children with and without disabilities participate and learn together in the same classes. Research shows that when children with disabilities attend classes alongside peers who do not have disabilities, good things happen (Stout). When placed in inclusive classrooms, Down Syndrome students blossom academically and socially from experiencing regular, daily contact with their nonclassified peers. Academically, Down Syndrome students have the opportunity to blossom and learn more when placed in inclusive classrooms. Down Syndrome students benefit from being in these classrooms because they have an equal opportunity to learn the same material as nonclassified students. When placed in an inclusive classroom every student is taught the same material, but Down Syndrome students are able to receive a little extra help if needed. This helps the Down Syndrome student to blossom because they have the opportunity to grow more than they would in a special education classroom. Peers help Down Syndrome students to blossom byShow MoreRelatedAsperger s Syndrome : Symptoms And Diagnosis1510 Words   |  7 Pageshave been diagnosed with Asperger’s Disorder. (www.aane.org) Other sites estimate as many as 1 in 88 children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. It makes you wonder why? Why now? Has something changed to cause the rise in diagnosed cases of Asperger’s, or has it been like this always and we are just now diagnosing and tracking this disorder. I have a personal interest in this subject because my younger brother was diagnosed with Asperger’s seven years ago. When he was diagnosed my motherRead MoreAutism Is Affecting Children Of The U.s.1483 Words   |  6 PagesAutism is affecting children of the U.S.at a rate of one out of every 68.Meaning one out of 68 children will be diagnosed with ASD. This disorder occurs more often among boys than girls. ASD affects over 3 million individuals in the U.S. Statistics show that the number of people diagnosed has increased by 17% within a year. There is no explanation, Scientists do not know the cause nor is there a cure for ASD. However it is definitely on the rise. It is unknown whether the growing number shows a realRead MoreHow Does Autism Affect Your Brain Affects Your Whole Personality And The Way You Interact With Others1160 Words   |  5 Pagesnow I can study a topic that interests me . Through this study, I’ve learned how grateful I am for the life I have and although I go through challenges every day, others have it much worse. I’ve also learned that the tiniest problems in the brain can affect your whole personality the way you interact with others. Introduction Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder, is a developmental disorder that makes a person’s ability to socialize with others difficult. People who are diagnosed withRead MoreHis Eyes and Ears: A Life Experience Essay1226 Words   |  5 Pagesmorning dew is lingering in the air, the sunrise slowly creeps into the sky, it’s seven twenty-five am, and he has finally arrived. I hurry to the bus doors as they open, and I greet him with a big, sincere smile. His special grin that is engraved in my heart returns the gesture. His eyes dart to the ground as the sun’s ray sting his eyes. Shielding his eyes, I provide enough comfort for him to look up. I position my firm hand over his fragile hands offering guidance as we walk inside. He gladly acceptsRead MoreGender, Ethnicity, And Socioeconomic Status2080 Words   |  9 Pagestheir families’ geographical origins- which can have an impact on traditions passed down within their family as well as determine how they are viewed within our culture. Socioeconomic status is a person’s social class, which is determined by wealth, quality of life, and profession. These classes include the upper class, upper middle class, lower middle class, working class, and the lower class. (Benokraitis, 2014) I am a female white woman who has grown up in a lower middle class household. SayingRead MoreDescription Of Child By W.950 Words   |  4 Pagesthe same height as his peers but his weight seems slightly under the average. His movements match his personality which could be described as outgoing, boisterous, and a leader. Outside on the playground â€Å"W† always plays with the same set of three boys when observed. They also played four-square during most observed recesses. He appears to be coordinated and athletic in nature. He is active in sports afterschool. â€Å"W† seems to be well like by the other males in the classroom and his has fit in seamlesslyRead MoreTaking a Closer Look at Tourettes Syndrome Essay781 Words   |  4 PagesTourette Syndrome (TS) is an inherited tic disorder that usually appears in early childhood and is classified by multiple motor tics and verbal tics. (Mayo 2012) Tics are sudden and repetitive movements, with motor tics being physical mu scle movements, and verbal tics being sudden vocalization. Common tics range anywhere from constant eye blinking to throat clearing and grunting. Although the word â€Å"involuntary† is usually used to describe tics, this is not completely true, a better word would beRead MoreTomorrows leader term paper1623 Words   |  7 PagesB: I was diagnosed as an Asperger Syndrome child when I was in the age of 6. Generally, a child with Asperger Syndrome will have a bit similar to autism; they will be by no means good at communicating with others and have a poor interpersonal relationship with others in the society. When I was in the primary school, I did not get a lot of or even no friends at all because I was not good at communicating with others. I remembered that when someone asked me some academic knowledge, I alwaysRead MoreEssay On Work DoesnT Work994 Words   |  4 PagesAfter reading Work doesnt work, I can easily state that these three women struggled with money quite often. Christie has two children and she works at a day care. She gets around $330 every two weeks, and after bills and groceries, she barely has anything left. She doesnt even have enough money to put her own two children in the day care she works at. She spends a sufficient amount of her money on high priced snacks, which causes her budget to be tight. They would also buy alcohol every now andRead MoreRett Syndrome Essay3003 Words   |  13 PagesRett Syndrome Abstract Rett syndrome is considered one of the autism spectrum disorders. Rett syndrome is a developmental disability disorder resulting in severe mental and physical deficits in female children. Rett syndrome is grouped as a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) in which conditions are severe and pervasive, and that begin in early life and influence multiple areas of development. Rett syndrome, including the age of onset and the severity of symptoms, varies from child to

Benefits and Limitaion of Sole Proprietorship

Question: Describe about the Benefits and Limitaion of Sole Proprietorship? Answer: Introduction In the world of accounting there are various forms of business each having its own advantages and disadvantages that needs to be looked into before any particular business is being understood and started by the company. There is always a question that what would be the best form to control a particular business and how it would be well managed by the enterprise. There are various factors such as how to plan for the same and where to invest in the long run so that maximum benefits can be reaped out without any issue involved. Accounting refers to the systematic process of verifying, recording, classifying, measuring, interpreting, identifying and communicating the financial information of business entity. It is a body of knowledge and practice which are concerned with the following activity: Keeping the financial record of the financial entity. Undergoing Internal audit Providing advise on the matter related to tax Objectives of Accounting To ascertain the financial result in the form of profit/loss of an enterprise. To determine the liquidity proportion of an enterprise. To support the enterprise decision making process. To keep the track record of all the transaction. Types of Business units Sole proprietorship A sole proprietorship is a type of self owned business and controlled by one person. There does not exist a separate legal entity concept in this form of business Sole proprietorship is an easiest form of business to start with. The person who starts the business of sole proprietorship is known as sole proprietor. A sole proprietor can start his business by using any trade name other than his own name.(Badson, 2007) Benefits of Sole Proprietorship Concern; There is just not few but many reasons why a person can choose to start a business in the form of sole proprietorship, the reasons are as follows: Ease of formation: Starting a sole proprietorship form of business is the easiest one when compared with any other form of business unit. It can be started by just one single person whereas in any other form of company; minimum number of person required to start the business is two. Tax Benefit: Health insurance benefit for employees is not deductible in the case of sole proprietorship form of business. There is various other tax benefit given to sole proprietor. Capital required: A sole proprietorship form of business can be started up with a small amount of capital. There is no fixed minimum capital requirement mentioned in any act to start or begin the sole proprietorship. Decision Making: In a sole proprietorship sort of business concern, there exists a feature of quick decision making. Since there is just one person who manages and controls the entire business unit and takes all necessary decision, therefore the time taken by other business unit in consulting the other member of the company is reduced in case of sole proprietorship. Limitation of Sole Proprietorship Concern The major limitations which are associated with sole proprietorship are as follows: Unlimited liability: The main liability of the owner is unlimited. It may extend to its personal property. Limited Capital: The sole proprietor is the only person who brings in capital in such type of business unit, thus the total amount of capital available is very less in such type of business unit Limited Scope of growth: In sole proprietorship, the scope for the growth of business is less due to the availability of small amount of capital and limited managerial skill and expertise. Partneship Form Of Business Unit A partnership is an arrangement between two people who with their mutual consent agree to manage the affairs of the business, and share the loss or profit of the business as decided mutually. The persons who agree to form a partnership business are known as partners.(Li, 2012) Benefits of Partnership Concern Ease of formation: The start up cost of setting up such a business unit is not too high. Even the compliance of legal formalities to start the partnership form of business is also very simple. Large resources: The resource or funds bringing capacity of partners are more than a single person which helps in the smooth running and growth of the business unit. Diverse skill and knowledge: Partnership is an association of skilled and expertise people who on the basis of their knowledge can help in the growth of business unit. Flexibility: Partnership form of business is flexible i.e. its operation can be changed depending on the circumstances. Limitation of Partnership Concern Cautious approach: Due to the unlimited limited of the partners, the partners play or run the business cautiously. They hesitate in taking up any new step or investment strategy. Non- transferability of interest: The partners cannot transfer their own interest in the firm to any other party or the third party without consulting the other partners. Lack of public confidence: In a partnership form of business, there exist no legal binding on the partners to furnish the accounts to public, thus the partners fails to receive the confidence of the general public. Limited Company Form Of Business Unit There are two types of limited company:(Blankenburg, 2010) Private Limited Company Public Limited Company Private Limited Company: Private limited company is a association of at least two and maximum fifty members. The liability of members in a private limited company is limited to the extent of shares subscribed or the amount of guarantee given by them. Benefit of Private Limited Company Continuity of existence: Private limited company enjoys continuity of existence. Company enjoys perpetual existence i.e. it continues to exist even after the death of its member. Limited Liability: it refers to the liability of the members in a private limited company is just limited as the amount of shares held by them, or the amount of guarantee given by them. Limitation of Private Limited Company Non-transferability of share: The shares of private limited company are not freely transferable i.e. they are not issued to general public for subscription. Lack of secrecy: the financial information of the company can be viewed by any number of people once it is filed by the registrar of the company. Public Limited Company A public limited company is a company whose shares are freely transferable i.e. it can be traded in the market. Public limited company requires the minimum capital of rupees five lacs to start up the business. Benefits of Public Limited Company Limited Liability: it refers to the liability of the members in a public limited company is limited to the extent of shares subscribed or the amount of guarantee given by them. Transferability of shares: It means shares are freely transferable i.e. the shares of public limited company is free for subscription, the public on their call can subscribe the share of the company which are traded or available in the stock market. Limitation of Public Limited Company Lack of secrecy: the financial information of the company can be viewed by any number of people once it is filed by the registrar of the company. Delay in Decision: Public limited comp0any is backed by a large number of members, thus all of them need to be consulted while taking any major decision, therefore making the decision making process time consuming. Whatever may be the form of the company, each and every business unit is useful to the user on the basis of their need. Sole proprietorship is of benefit to those who want to take quick decision and want to have a complete control on the company. Partnership is beneficial for those users who are reluctant to take the entire risk associated with the business and thus by the mutual consent agree to manage the affairs of the business and share the profit jointly. Whereas limited company is beneficial to those users who want their share to be freely transferable, and who are not willing to accept the unlimited liability burden associated with the other form of business. 2 Financial accounting is that part of accounting which describes the company position as a whole. Financial accounting deals with ascertaining the companys financial result, companys financial position and changes in the structure of the company. Management Accounting is also known as book-keeping accounting. Management accounting is concerned with managing the activity of collecting transmitting and processing the financial information for the proper analysis of the companys budget and internal control procedure. The difference between the two accounting method is as follows:(Mitra, 2009) Basis Management Accounting Financial Accounting Objective Book keeping and recording the transaction To ascertain the financial result and financial position. Task To record the transaction To draft the financial statement Legal binding Management accounting report is optional to be prepared. Financial accounting report is compulsory to be prepared. Segment Reporting Pertains to individual department of the organization Pertains to entire organization. Information Company goal driven information Monetary and verifiable information Focus It focuses on present and forecast the future It focuses on the past recorded information. Audience It produces information and report for the use of organization, employees and managers It produces reports for the external parties. Both management accounting and financial accounting is useful for a business concern. Management accounting develops the base of accounting whereas the financial accounting carry out the other necessary task to complete the task associated with the term accounting. 3 The different sources of finance are as follows: Short term finance Medium term finance Long term finance Short Term Source Of Finance There are various types of sources of short term finance available in the markets; some of them are as follows: Trade Credit- Trade credit is the credit given by the suppliers of the raw material to the manufacturers and traders. Usually suppliers give 30-90 days credit to the manufacturer.(Fosberg, 2013) Bank Credit- Commercial bank gives advances in the form of short term finance which is known as bank credit. When bank credit is allowed the withdrawer can withdraw the amount either in installment or at one time. Discounting of Bill- Bank also advance fund through promissory notes, hundies and bills of exchange. When customer present this document to bank, bank credit the amount mentioned in the bill after deducting discount. Medium Term Source Of Finance The types of medium term source of finance are as follows:(AbdulsAleh, 2013) Loans: loan provided for a term of 3-7 years period is known as medium term finance. The interest on loan can be fixed or variable. Lease Financing: Bank also provide finance lease which are supported by some foreign investors when compared with traditional source of finance. When other source of finance is not available or does not satisfy the need, it can be used. Currency bond: through domestic and foreign entities such bonds are issued to investors. Maturity period for such bond range from 9 months to 30 years. Long Term Source Of Finance The types of long term source of finance are as follows: Shares: a share is a share in the share capital which includes stock. A share is a best way of raising fund from the general public. By subscribing the shares of the company one become the member of the company and the company is able to get fund in the form of share capital. Government grant: some firms may be eligible to get grants from the government may be national or international. Such grant is received on a long term basis by the government. Debentures: A debenture is a document under the common seal that acknowledges loan to the company. Interest payments on debentures are tax deductible. Factoring: factoring refers to the services provided by the financial institution. Factoring is highly convenient form of finance. Rate of interest charged on factor is same as the rate charged on bank overdraft.(Caprio, 2012) All the three types of finance i.e. short term finance (for a period of maximum 3 years), medium term finance (for a period of maximum 3-7 years) and long term finance (for a period of more than 7 years) can be taken up by the business concern depending on their need and want of fund or capital. Conclusion On going over all the sources of finance available and the business forms which can be taken from the money inherited from the will and thus keeping in mind the advantages as well as the cons the decisions of the business form should be taken. If the capital is good enough to expand the business in future it can choose to go for LLP or company as well which would provide it with a good stage to grow in the long run Recommendation. The major decision is that whether the amount of loon needed can be financed from the long term or short term funds to suit the business style taken by the brothers. If they think of a limited company then there will be a need for the long term funds and of high amount also and if not small amount would also suffice. Therefore the decagons to the choose the write source rests on the company and the manager itself. References AbdulsAleh, A. M. (2013). MEDIUM TERM FINANCING. International Journal of Business and management , 1-19. Badson, D. (2007). benefits and limitaion of sole proprietorship. The New York Times , 1-4. Blankenburg, S. (2010). Limited liability concept. Cambridge journal of Economics , 1-4. Caprio, G. (2012). Role of long term finance. Oxford Journal , 171-189. Fosberg, R. H. (2013). Short-Term Debt Financing . International Journal of Business and Social Science , 1-5. Li, L. (2012). Partnership. Journal of Business Strategy , 1-9. Mitra, J. K. (2009). Difference between mangemnet and financial accounting. New Age International , 1-14. AASB. (2014). AASB has approved four new Standards. Australia Government , 1-1. AASB. (2013). Amendments to the Australian Conceptual Framework. Australia: Australian government. Accountants, C. (2013). Conceptual framework. CA Australia new zealand , 1-1. Association, A. I. (n.d.). Fundamental Analysis Ratio. Retrieved from https://www.investors.asn.au/: https://www.investors.asn.au/~invest11/assets/resources/education/shares/FinanicalRatiosDefined.pdf Lawlor, E. (2008). chart of Accounts. International journal on accounting , 1-2. Nath, U. K. (2012). Current and non-current liability. Journal on Accounting and Finance , 1-2. Shih, F. (2012). Copy and paste method. Journal of Central South university , 1-2. Sons, W. A. (2003). Accounting equation and its issue. Financial accounting in an economic context , 1. Warlior, K. S. (2009). Acounting Equation. Journal of Finance and Accounting , 1. Crfonline. (2015, March 20). Ratios and Formulas in Customer Financial Analysis. Retrieved from www.crfonline.org: https://www.crfonline.org/orc/cro/cro-16.html CRH Plc. (2015, March 20). Welcome to CRH. Retrieved from https://www.crh.com/: https://www.crh.com

VoltaireS Candide Essays - Philosophy, Fiction, Religion

Voltaire'S Candide Voltaires most classic work, Candide, is a satiric assault on most everything that was prevalent in society during the authors lifetime. The entire novel can be regarded as a bleak story where every character compares life stories to see whose life is worse. Just when the novel cannot get anymore morbid or depressing, it does, to a much greater degree. While Candide is generally considered a universal denunciation, it is optimism that Voltaire is attacking to the greatest degree. However, there are numerous other satirical themes throughout the novel worth discussing. These other areas of mockery include aristocratic snobbery, religious bigotry, militarism, and human nature. There is good reason that Voltaire was so fed up with optimism, or more specifically, Leibnizian optimism. During the decade in which Candide was originally composed, this brand of what Voltaire considered ludicrous optimism was in full swing. This branch of optimism gets its name from Gottfried Leibniz, one of the rationale leaders of the day springing off of Descartes. This optimism states that there is evil in the world, but that reason could explain evil. He believed that there were certain truths even God could not alter, such as two plus two equaling four. Since this has to be the case, there were limits when God created the universe, thus he was working with an already flawed system. Leibniz goes on to say that this being the case, a perfect world is impossible, but Earth is the best of all possible worlds. Now, while Voltaire was hearing that everything is for the best from his contemporaries, there were numerous drastic things going on in Europe and his life. There was a tre mendous earthquake killing 100,000 people in Lisbon, the bloody and savage Seven Years War, and he was dealing with the death of his close companion and mistress of fifteen years. While all these terrible things were happening, it is no wonder Voltaire had a little problem swallowing the all is for the best pill. All the foolish optimism actually had the exactly opposite effect on him, and Candide was his way of expressing his views. His satire of optimism can be seen throughout the book, but most heavily through the character of Pangloss the philosopher. Pangloss and his ludicrous optimism make an impression on the reader immediately and are constantly reinforced throughout the satire. His logic is so flawed that he comes across as an utter imbecile. He suggests that noses are shaped the way they are so that glasses will fit them. He even goes so far as to suggest that the venereal disease he is infected with is a blessing because the disease also is associated with the discovery o f chocolate and the New World. He also views himself being burnt at the stake and being chained in a boat good things. However, the real satire poking fun of the whole European fascination with Leibnizian optimism does not lie in Pangloss stupidity, but in all the other characters reaction to Pangloss. With such absurd reasoning, one would think his contemporaries would ridicule Pangloss. However, the exact opposite is true. Pangloss is referred to as the most profound metaphysician in Germany, and he is highly respected. This is very direct assault at Leibniz and his followers. Voltaire really makes sure he goes out of his way to rip apart every part of Leibnizs rationale. The book is filled with morbidity and cruelty. There are numerous brutal murders, a mentioning of buttocks being sliced to be eaten, rape, greed, captivity, and savagery. Voltaire is daring optimists to explain how everything is for the best in the world he created. Although the satire of optimism is the main focus of Candide, Voltaire did make sure he ridiculed aristocratic snobbery as well. He pokes fun of the aristocrats mainly through Cunegunds family and Don Fernando. The beginning of all of Candides wild adventures is a result of being thrown out by Cunegunds father. Her father, the baron, catches them kissing, and is so appalled that someone from a lower class would dare pursue his noble daughter. However, her father is then immediately killed by a bloody war that was going on. Later in the book, Cunegunds brother,